Driving and braking mechanism.



W. F. EMERSON omvms AND BRAKING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 26,1915- RENEWED NOV. 17,19I8.

130,148., Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

here shown; 1

UNITED %TATE% PATENT @FFFUF...

WILLIAM F. EMERSON, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

DRIVING AND BRAKING MECHANISM.

naeonas.

Application filed. November 26, 1915, Serial No. 63,361.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VILLIAM F. EirnusoN, acitizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Driving and Braking Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a driving and braking mechanism for wheels and it is devised particularly for improvement in coaster brake construction and to that end provides for successfully performing the requisite functions of a coaster brake in a reliable and efficient manner. In operation, on the forward rotation of the driving member, a clutch is thrown into engagement to cause a similar forward rotation of the driving wheel, while a reverse rotation of the driving member operates a suitable brake to cause a braking'action on the hub. When the driving member is at rest or released the hub is permitted to revolve freely on its bearings for coasting in the forward direction and to permit of freely trundling the wheel backwardly.

The improved mechanism of my invention is designed to be of few and substantial parts and to be positive and quickly responsive in its operation. An important feature thereof resides in an improved arrangement of the braking parts which afford a greatly increased braking surface and operate in an improved manner to produce a uniform and smooth braking action.

The aforementioned and other desirable features of my improved device will be readily understood by reference to the accoman in drawin wherein the reference 8 characters of this description are applied to like parts in the several views.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal' sectional view of a brake construeted to embody the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal longitudinal sectional view with certain of the parts shown in elevation. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 1 looking toward. the right. Fig. at is a similar view on lined-4: of Fig. 1 looking toward the left. Fig. 5 is a detailview in perspective illustrating one of the wedge and cam segments, and Fig. '6is aplan view of the retarding washer. j g V 1 In the approved form of my invention indicates stationary axle Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented (Dot. 1. 19m.

Renewed. November 17, 1917. Serial No. 202,644.

or spindle for the wheel hub, rigidly supported in the rear forks or frame members of a bicycle and fixed in position by the securing nuts 55 threaded on the axle at each end thereof. The hub barrel 2, forming a casing for the parts, is journaled to rotate about the axle in the manner to be described and has integrally formed thereon the usual spoke flanges 33.

On each end of the axle there are threaded inner bearing members, at the right the conical bearing 6 and at the left the brake and bearing member 7 The bearing 6, as shown, co-acts with an internal cup-cone or ball race 10, of a driving member 12, in forming a race-way for interposed bearing balls 13 upon which the driving member is journaled to rotate upon hearing cone 6. The driving member 12 is formed also to provide the exterior or peripheral conical bearing 14. The brake-bearing member 7 is formed to provide a peripheral bearing groove 16. The hub is formed with outwardly directed curved surfaces or ball-races 20-21 which are distanced to be complemental to the bearing 1% and groove 16 in providing raceways for the ball-bearings 17 and 18. The arrangement thus provides for journaling of the hub at the left upon the brake-bearing member and at the right upon the driving member 12 and as will be seen the hub is arranged symmetrical in form and in the diameter of the ball races 2021 thereby permitting of its being reversed in position.

Normally the hub barrel is permitted to rotate independentlyand freely on its bearings 17 and 18 which occurs when the wheel hub moves forwardly with respect to the operating member or in either direction when the operating member is at rest. However, when the operating member is rotated means are provided to be actuated thereby on its forward rotation to eflect the coupling or locking of the hub to the operating member to be propelled therewith while on the reverse movement of the operating member a brake mechanism is actuated frictionally to engage the hub so as to retard or stop the rotation of thewheel.

Suitable operating means are provided for rotating the operating member 12 and it is here'shown as a sprocket wheel 22 threaded onto the operating member and secured by a locking nut23. Radially acting cams or eccentrics 24: are formed on anjintegrai sleeve extension'of the operative member in terposed between said cams and the hub are arranged the propelling segments 25 in the manner shown in Fig. 3. On the forward rotation of the operating member the cam surfaces force the segments outwardly into engagement with the inner peripheral surface of the hub barrel thereby, by their Wedging action, to couple the operating member and the hub to rotate together for propelling the wheel.

For operating the braking parts upon the reverse rotation of the operating member I have provided reversely acting lateral ca ms 26 integrally formed on the segments 25, These lateral cams are adapted to effect the operation of an improved braking mechanism which is designed to give a large area of braking surface. The parts thereof comprise an integral, conical portion 32 formed on the brake bearing member 7 This member 7 has formed on its outer face a squared shoulder 34 engaged by the usual similarly apertured, securing arm 35 which is attached to the bicycle frame thereby to hold the member 7 from rotation or it may be held in any other suitable way. Inwardly projecting from th member 7 there is provided an integral squared sleeve portion 36 entering a squared aperture in a conical brake-sleeve 38 provided on its exterior with a conical portion 39 inclined reversely with reference to the surface 32 and conjointly therewith providing stationary brake eX- panding surfaces. A splitfriction sleeve 40 is interposed between the interior of the hub barrel 2 and the conical surfaces 32-39 and has co-acting inclined interior surfaces to be engaged by the surfaces 32 and 89 to cause it to.be expanded into frictional engagement with the internal surface of the hub barrel.

The expanding of the friction sleeve is effected by longitudinal movement of the brake-sleeve 38 toward the portion 32. It is so moved by the action of the lateral cams 26 engaging co-acting cams 42 integrally formed on a shiftable brake-operatingmember 45 havingan exterior conicalsurface 47 arranged to engage the interior surface of the brakesleeve to movethe latter for expanding the friction sleeVe LOQ The engagement of the conical surface 4:7 with the coacting surface of sleeve 38 retards the brake-operating member 45 from rotative movement thus insuring relative movement of the cams 26 43an(l the resulting longitudinal movement of; the'member 45 to operate the brake. A positive connection is effected by the engagement of shoulders 56 of the radial camsfl' with abutting shoulders 57 on the segments whereby the cams arepo vly. ro ited' y e. arenaing member an"the mvaee"merits ofthe sprocketffori setting theibrak ef 12L similar re ifir i e fibi s "afiq dfltas-9e the clutch segments 25 and the brake operating member 45 on the propelling movement of the parts whereby the latter is inactively rotated therewith. This latter occurs by reason of the engagement of the abutting shoulders 52 formed by the abrupt termination of the high portions of the lateral cams 26-4l2.

The engagement between the segments and brake-operating member, whereby the latter is rotatively connected to the segments during propelling operates to insure the movement of the radial cams 2& relative to the clutch segments 25 by their retarding action or drag thereon. In consequence the coupling of the segments to the hub is effected in a positive and quickly responsive manner.

The engagement between the segments and brake operating member is also a factor in permitting of the wheel being trundled backwardly without setting of the brakes for the retarding action on the segments, resulting from the engagement of the lateral cams 26-42, overcomes the tendency of the segments riding up on the radial earns 24 and thereby coupling to the then moving hub. Should the latter occur the cam would be carried around so as to cause setting of the brake. Further to overcome the tendency to set the brake under the described conditions I have arranged a washer 60, interposed between the segments and the. bearings 21 thereby by frictional engagement with the segments to further retard their movement and to prevent their engaging the balls.

The operation as will be understood from the foregoing is to effect a direct coupling of the driving member 12 with the hub 2 through the action of the clutch segments 25 upon the forward or propelling movement of the driving member. Upon its reverse movement the action of the lateral cams 26%?) as described will cause the brake-ring or friction sleeve -10 to be expanded into braking engagement with the hub and upon relieving the driving member of the driving or braking force the wheel hub is permitted to rotate freely, for coasting or for trundling of the bicycle baclgwardly. The devices as constructed arepossessed ofgreat strength and are quickly responsive in their action both for driving and braking." Theform of the parts for the latter purpose are designed to produce a uniform braking action for. it will be seen that thefriction sleeve has frietion al engagement with both the hub, externally" and the stationary members, internally, so that there is presenta differential braking engagement. insuring uniformity and smoothness in its action Wfhile I'have illustrated a desirable embodiment of "the invention it"will be un erfstoo d that many. changes can be made with deliii f i g f wli the, scope thereof. It is till emma herein shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

' Having described my invention I claim,

1. In a driving and braking mechanism,

the combination with the hub and the axle,

of a driving member suitably journaled, cam

surfaces on the driving member, a stationary brake member, a coactin movable brake member, a laterally mova le brake operating member having cam surfaces thereon, and clutch segments arranged to befacted on by the driving-member cams to couple said latter member to the hub and said segments having laterall acting cam surfaces thereon operative to s ift the brake operating member upon reverse rotation to efiect setting of the brake, substantially as described.

2. In a driving and braking mechanism, the combination with the hub and the axle, of a driving member suitably journaled, cam surfaces on the driving member, a stationary brake member, a coacting movable brake member, a brake operating member adapted to engage the movable brake member, and clutch segments adapted to be acted on by the driving member cams for coupling said latter member to the hub, said segments having cam surfaces thereon operative to engage the brake operatingmember for setting the brake upon reverse rotation of the driving member and said segments being rotatively connected to the driving member on the reverse rotation thereof and similarly. connected to the brake-operating member during forward rotation of the driving member substantially as described.

' 3. In a driving and braking mechanism the combination with the hub and the axle, of a driving member suitably journaled, cam surfaces on the driving member, a stationary brake member, a coacting movable brake anember, a laterally movable brake'operating member having frictional engagement with the movable brake member, clutch segments arranged to be acted on by the driving member cams to couple said member to the hub, said segments having laterally acting cam engagement with the brake operating member to effect setting of the brake upon reverse rotation of the drivmg member, engaging means between the segments and the driving member rotatively to connect said members on the reverse movement of the driving member and engaging means between the brake-operating member and said segments rotatively to connect said brake member and segments upon propelling rotation of the latter, substantially as described.

4. In a driving and braking mechanism, the combination with the hub and the axle, of a driving member suitably journaled, radially acting cam surfaces on the driving member,a stationary member, a co-acting movable brake member, a laterally movable brake operating member havlng cam surfaces thereon, clutch segments arranged to" be acted on by the driving-member cams to couple said driving member to the hub, said segments having laterally acting cam surfaces thereon operative to shift the brakeoperating member upon reverse rotation to effect setting of the brake and an annular engaging member frictionally to engage the segments to produce a retarding action thereon substantially as described.

' 5. In a driving and braking mechanism the combination with the hub and the axle, of a driving member suitably journaled, radially acting cam surfaces on the driving member, a stationary brake-member having a tapered braking surface, a co-acting movable brake member having an opposed tapered braking surface, means to secure the movable brake member from rotation, an expansible friction sleeve interposed between the brake members and the hub, a laterally movable brake operating memher having cam surfaces thereon, clutch segments arranged to be acted on by the driving member came, to couple said driving member to the hub, said segments having laterally faces thereon operative to shift the brake operating member upon reverse rotation to effect setting of the brake and said seg ments being rotatively connected to the driving member on the reverse rotation thereof and similarly connected to the brake operating member during forward rotation of the driving member substantially as described.

6; In a driving and braking mechanism, the combination with the hub and the axle, of a driving member suitably journaled radially acting cam-surfaces on the driving member, a stationary brake-member having a tapered braking surface, a coacting movable brake-member having an opposed tapered braking surface and an internal conical surface, means to secure the movable brake-member from rotation, an expansible friction sleeve interposed between the brakemember and the hub, a laterally movable brake operating member having an external conical portion frictionally to engage said internal conical surface and lateral cam surfaces thereon, clutch segments arranged to be acted on by the driving member cams to couple said driving member to the hub, said segments having laterally acting cams thereon to engage the brake-operatin member for shifting the latter to set the %rake and said segments and driving member having opposing shoulders adapted to engage upon the reverse rotation of the driving member and said segments and brake operating member having opposed shoulders to enacting cam sur- 9 I ra ohlie al pgltih frietio ially. t0 eiigage said gage 1}}?911 the p rgpell i ng. l qtatiep pf: the (hav membei: 'sqh stahtla lly as desemhed "7. I 1 i;a*drfivi1 1g and braking iTIlQChiLiliSIH,

cam suriac s, 0n the dfiving. memb elf a statip agy brake-member having a tapered braking surface, a coacti g mot a e eeke-me nbez av n n' s dia p ze ba 95 2: su a e; 22 we 1e1 0 cal c e ihe'ans to secilfe the mgvable IE ijalce meifibei: rotatioii, an expansible i'ietioh sleeye ihterpesed between the brake lhlfg lfibefls agndfthe; 11111 a laterally movable ee'pexfatijng member having an exterhal ih tieinlal ee ic'al surf ace alrid lateral'cahl surf BGJZ LCtQ d eniby the dl iying l i le'mber, ams t0 e ePls e d 'i fn mb t t to e h b a segments havi ig latel ally acting earnsthelqe 0 tqi ehgage the 'bigak'e Operating fey shitti g the lattelt to setthebrake and tu k e-zulx ge 2$ 'e dr vi a glm m e haying ogppsinq shop lders adap'tecl to engage upenl th Q IfGY I SQ l'e t atie'n of the dpi virig ember: and aid Segments and brake Operating rhembe}; having ppose shaq'u t t ligegei upep P IIOPGHiI Ig 'rgjtatlepl of. the drive member, said hub and driving member haw ihgf cea etingh aeeways, beeljihgkballs fitted thei eto 'anc l' a flfietion asher interposed betw en; the segments the ballasubstantially as des'cj ibed. f

8 I1 alriir'hg' and braking mechanism combipatieliwith a hub a'iid an axle, of a driving 'riaggr lql be'i"v suitably 'jeu rnaled and pgqvidd with eam means, prepellifig se'g ment Within the hub arranged to be acted on byv the cam means of the driving mem er oh f ogwarld rotation of the latter to couple the membei; t0 the, hub, braklng enie? t We new m be min r means p mt eg m n? 0. 7 the braking 1 a s, opera ng m e r the aki mea nd siid. pri el g' ee m nt havm laterally actihg earh shrfa'ces, thereon, adapt ed' to actuate thebralke operating meaiis to cause the latter to set the brake u pqh the IGVGIISQ r'ot atig n fi the driving membeifsub etan tially as desc'i'ihed.

101 In a di ivi hg byilkil lg mechanism, the coifnbiinatip with thehuhand the axle, 012' a fiwi ng' member u t ly] j uir a l e d proyide d \fiitheamf 's'ui faees thez eehfp 'm pel ing segmen s w thin he hu a ra ed b a t y m d i veh mbgr cr m S11 faces 0h Tpr'vvafid re tatipn (if the drivihg mem er, tob0up e h lat r ithe lb, 5 3k i g means, epel ating means for, thebrakijng means and saicl' p ope11i11gTsegm tS having cain surfaces theregh adapted 'te actuatethe br e Oper ing m e owxse e t e ol s t th rak pq re l? r tati f the driving mehtpeiarid said eegmems being z' o t'atively e0 neetec1 te'the driving; member 'the reverse rotation thereef substantially as described. In testimony whereof I have signed my ne to" his spa e fiw i e IL IAM 11 EMERSON- 

